Chikungunya Virus
Chikungunya virus is spread to people by two types of mosquitoes: the Dengue mosquito (Aedes aegypti) and the Asian Tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus). Chikungunya virus produces a disease that is dengue-like, but generally less severe, often with pronounced arthralgia (painful joints). Serious complications are rare.
Chikungunya is widespread throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South-East Asia, the Indian Ocean islands, and the tropical Indian subcontinent. Since 2013, active transmission of chikungunya has also occurred in the Americas and has spread to the Caribbean and Central/ South America. The Ross River virus is Australia’s equivalent of chikungunya; the illnesses are very similar.
![]({"file":"7b97f352-d334-48f3-ba52-51f98d04c602.jpg","breakpoints":{"xs":{"width":480,"mode":"resize","quality":80},"md":{"width":720,"mode":"resize","quality":80},"xl":{"width":1920,"mode":"resize","quality":80}}} "Asian Tiger Mosquito")
Symptoms
Symptoms of chikungunya include:
- chills, fever, headache and muscle pain
- joint pain, swelling and stiffness
- a rash that usually lasts for a week
- feeling weak or tired.
Symptoms typically appear seven to 10 days after an infected mosquito has bitten you.
Important: Do not ignore the symptoms; see a doctor as soon as possible. While most people recover in a few weeks, some experience tiredness and joint pain for weeks or months after infection. The disease can also be more serious for those aged over 65 years, newborns, and people with underlying medical conditions.
Prevention
There is currently no approved vaccine or specific antiviral treatment available for chikungunya. Mosquito avoidance, particularly during the day from dawn to dusk, is the best protection. To protect yourself against mosquitoes:
- Wear loose, long-sleeved, light-coloured clothing.
- Use insect repellent containing picaridin or DEET on exposed skin and reapply as recommended.
- Stay in screened or air-conditioned accommodation while travelling.
- Be aware of mosquito activity in the area.
Treatment
Treatment is symptomatic and can include rest, fluids and medicines to relieve symptoms of fever and aching.
- Rest in bed to enable the body to fight the disease.
- Paracetamol is recommended to reduce body temperature and relieve pain.
- Aspirin and anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen must NOT be used until dengue fever infection has been ruled out.
- Drink extra fluids to prevent dehydration.
Destinations
The following destinations are known to contain this disease:
Disclaimer: The following information is intended as a guide only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice.
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